This C# tutorial helps you learn C# programming from scratch and shows you how to apply C# to develop your next great application. Getting started # What is C# – introduces the C# programming language and the .NET Install Visual Studio 2022 – guides you on how to install Visual Studio 2022 Community Edition to start programming C#. C# Hello World – shows you step by step how to create the first C# program that displays the Hello, World! message on the console window. C# syntax – introduces to you the basic C# syntax, including identifiers, keywords, literals, statements, and comments. Variables & types # Variables – shows you how to declare variables and use them to hold data in the program. integer – introduces the integral types in C# that hold integer numbers. float – explains the floating-point number types, including decimal, double, and float. char – covers the character type that represents a single character. string – discusses the string type and guides you on the basic string operations. Raw strings – learns how to use raw strings to make your code more readable. bool – learns how to use the bool type to represent boolean values: true and false. var – shows you how to use the var keyword to declare implicit-typed variables. if – learns how to check a condition and execute a block if a condition is true. if else – shows you how to check multiple conditions and execute a block if a condition is true or another block otherwise. if else if – learns how to check multiple conditions and execute a block if a condition is true. switch – selects a statement for execution if an expression matches a pattern. while – learns how to use the while loop statement to conditionally execute a block of code zero or more times. do while – shows you how to use the do while statement to execute a block one or more times based on a condition. for – guides you on how to execute a block a specified number of times. break – show you how to terminate prematurely using the break statement. continue – learns how to start a new loop iteration prematurely using the continue statement. Functions – guides you on how to modulize the program and make the code reusable by using functions. Default parameters – learns how to simplify the function call using default parameters. Array – shows you how to use an array to store a fixed number of elements of the same type. Multidimensional arrays – learns how to create multidimensional arrays, including 2D and 3D arrays. foreach – guides you on how to use the foreach statement to iterate over the elements of an array. Passing an array to a function – shows you how to pass an array to a function as an argument. List patterns – shows you how to match an array or a list with a sequence using list patterns. Class – learns about classes and objects, defines a class, and creates objects from the class. this keyword – explains the this keyword in C#. public vs. private – guides you on how to use the access modifiers public and private, and how to use them effectively. Constructor – shows you how to define constructors to initialize objects. Property – learns how to use a property that provides a flexible way to read, write, and compute the value of a private field. Constant – introduces constants and how to define them in a method or class. Indexer – shows you how to use an indexer to allow an object to be indexed like an array. Object initializer – learns how to initialize accessible fields and properties of an object using an object initializer. init – specifies an accessor method in a property or indexer that allows assigning a value to the property or indexer element only during object initialization. Static members & classes # Static field and property – explains the static fields and properties and how to use them effectively. Static method – learns about static methods and how to use them to define a utility class. Static constructor – shows you how to define a static constructor that initializes static members. Static class – guides you on how to use a static class to define a utility class. Inheritance – shows you how to define a class that inherits properties and methods of another class. Inheritance & constructor – explains the constructor calling order and shows you how to use the base() syntax to call a specific constructor in the base class. new modifier – explains the new modifier and how to use it to explicitly hide the member in the base class from the subclass.

virtual modifier – shows you how to use the virtual modifier to modify a member of a base class and discuss the differences between new and override methods. sealed modifier – guides you on the sealed classes and sealed properties and methods. Casting – explains how to convert a reference from one type to another using casting, including upcasting and downcasting. Abstract classes – introduces you to the abstract classes with practical examples. Object – learns about the object that is the base class of all the classes. Anonymous types – shows you how to create an anonymous object with a set of read-only properties without defining a class first. Interface – introduces interfaces and how to use interfaces to make the application more flexible and extensible. Default implementation – shows you how to provide a default implementation for an interface member to make the application backward compatible. Explicit Interface Implementation – discusses two ways of implementing interfaces and when to implement interfaces explicitly. Extending interfaces – guides you on how to define an interface that extends a single interface or multiple interfaces. Abstract classes vs. interfaces – learns how to choose when to use an interface or abstract class. Exception handling # try…catch – learns about exceptions and how to use the try...catch statement to handle exceptions. throwing an exception – shows you how to use the throw keyword to raise an exception in the application. try…catch…finally – shows you how to use the try...catch...finally statement to handle exceptions and clean up resources. Rethrow exceptions – learns how to catch an exception and rethrow it using the throw statement. Custom exceptions – guides you on how to create and use custom exceptions that provide more information about the exception that occurs. Handling global unhandled exception – shows you how to handle the global unhandled exception by subscribing to the UnhandledException event. Generics – learns how to use generics to write reusable and type-neutral code. Generic Classes – shows you how to define reusable & type-neutral classes. Generic Constraints – specifies what types can be used as the type parameters of the generic types. Covariance – shows you how to use covariance to define a method that can return a more specific type than what is defined in the method signature. Contravariance – guides you on how to use contravariance to define a method that can accept an argument that is less specific than what is defined in the method signature. Delegates & Events # Delegates – introduces you to delegates and how to use them to pass methods to other methods as arguments. Anonymous Methods – guides you on creating anonymous methods. Lambda Expressions – learns how to use lambda expressions to create anonymous functions. Events – learns about C# events and how to use the publisher/subscriber pattern to handle events. Method group conversion to delegate – explains to you what a method group is and how the method group conversion to delegate process works. Namespace, Assembly, and Assembly Scope # namespace – discusses the namespace in depth so that you can organize a large codebase into smaller logical units internal – learns how to use the internal keyword to allow access to a type and its members within the same assembly. Extension Methods # Extension methods – learns how to add a method to an existing type without using inheritance. Working with Date & Time # DateTime – shows you how to represent multiple values as a single variable. DateTime.Parse() – converts a date string to a DateTime object based on a specified culture setting. DateTime.ParseExact() – converts a date string to a DateTime object based on an exact format. TimeSpan – represents a time interval using the TimeSpan object. DateTimeOffset – introduces to you the DateTimeOffset that includes a DateTime and an offset that represents the difference between the local time and UTC. DateOnly – learns how to use the DateOnly type to represent the date-only data. TimeOnly – shows you how to use the TimeOnly type to represent the time of the day effectively. Advanced C# Types # C# value types and reference types – understands the value types and reference types. NullReferenceException – deals with NullReferenceException exception that occurs at runtime of the program. Nullable Value Type – discusses the nullable value type and how to use it effectively. Tuples – shows you how to represent multiple values as a single variable. Records – guides you on records that provide built-in functionality for encapsulating data, making it easy to work with immutable and strong-typed data.